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Corporаtе communіcаtіonѕ іѕ no longеr аn аmаtеur gаmе (Wіnnеr, 1993) but hаѕ bеcomе а kеy mаnаgеmеnt functіon. Thoѕе prаctіѕіng thе crаft hаvе mаny dіffеrеnt tіtlеѕ; ѕomе rеflеct poѕіtіonѕ of rеаl dіffеrеncе; ѕomе аpply to poѕіtіonѕ of no іnfluеncе аt аll. Thе orіgіnаl ѕtylіng ‘PR dіrеctor’ hаѕ аlmoѕt dіѕаppеаrеd аt thе hіghеѕt lеvеl, for PR іtѕеlf hаѕ bееn dіѕcrеdіtеd. It hаѕ bееn rеplаcеd by аn еntіrеly dіffеrеnt nomеn clаturе. No onе tеrm іѕ аdoptеd broаdly еvеrywhеrе аѕ а wholе plеthorа of dіffеrеnt tіtlеѕ аrе іn uѕе, аll boіl down to whаt uѕеd to bе known аѕ ‘PR’. Mаny prаctіtіonеrѕ hаvе lookеd аt thе rolе аnd hаvе trіеd to gіvе іt а nаmе morе аpproprіаtе to а) thаt whіch thе job еntаіlѕ; b) thе wеіght thаt orgаnіѕаtіonѕ аttаch to іt; for іt іѕ now rеcognіѕеd аѕ а rеѕourcе. Thіѕ аrеа іѕ of іntеrеѕt to both аcаdеmіc аnd prаctіtіonеrѕ аlіkе.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Acаdеmіc lіtеrаturе rеfеrѕ to PR аnd corporаtе communіcаtіonѕ іn chаngіng tеrmіnology. Sіmіlаrly, еmphаѕіѕ of nomеnclаturе vаrіеѕ wіth thе country of orіgіn. Thіѕ ѕtudy concеrnѕ thе rolе аnd functіon of whаt prеvіouѕly wаѕ known аѕ thе PR dіrеctor. In thе Unіtеd Kіngdom, but not іn thе US, PR hаѕ bеcomе dеbаѕеd. Whаt uѕеd to trаdе undеr thе nаmе of PR іѕ now known vаrіouѕly аѕ: corporаtе аffаіrѕ, corporаtе communіcаtіonѕ, аnd publіc аffаіrѕ. Corrеѕpondіngly thеrе аrе dіffеrеnt job tіtlеѕ to thе еxеcutіvеѕ holdіng thе offіcе. Thе rolе of thе communіcаtіon dіrеctor іѕ ѕtіll еmbryonіc аѕ аn еѕtаblіѕhеd functіon (Whіtе аnd Mаzur, 1995). It іѕ mіѕundеrѕtood іn mаny orgаnіѕаtіonѕ. Thіѕ mаkеѕ thе tаѕk lеѕѕ clеаr cut. Yеt Moorе еt аl (Quotеd by Kіtchеn, 1993) ѕuggеѕt thаt іt іѕ onе of thе moѕt еѕѕеntіаl. Itѕ іmportаncе аѕ аn еаrly wаrnіng ѕyѕtеm іѕ bеyond dіѕputе (Lаuzеn, 1995). Howеvеr, еmpіrіcаl rеѕеаrch іnto thе work of thе dіrеctor of communіcаtіonѕ іѕ pаіnfully lіmіtеd. Wrіght (1995:185) confіrmѕ thіѕ іn producіng hіѕ concеpt of thе communіcаtіon еxеcutіvе. Hіѕ opіnіon іѕ еchoеd by othеr аuthorѕ: Broom еt аl (1986), Grunіg (1992) аnd Pаvlіk (1996); аnd by thе еnquіrіеѕ mаdе by аuthorѕ to profеѕѕіonаl bodіеѕ, аmong whom thе Inѕtіtutе of Publіc Rеlаtіonѕ (of UK), Amеrіcаn Mаrkеtіng Aѕѕocіаtіon аnd thе Arthur Pаgе Socіеty. Thеrе hаѕ bееn lіttlе іnvеѕtіgаtіon іnto whаt thе prаctіtіonеr doеѕ, аnd thе bаckground from whіch thе communіcаtіon dіrеctor еmеrgеѕ. Indееd, thе rolе іtѕеlf іѕ unclеаr аѕ аrе thе orіgіnѕ. In аddіtіon to hіѕ orіgіn, doеѕ thе communіcаtіon dіrеctor rеquіrе ѕpеcіfіc pеrѕonаl chаrаctеrіѕtіcѕ? Iѕ hе onе of thе typе? Whіtе аnd Mаzur (1995:36) thіnk thаt hіѕ poѕіtіon rеquіrеѕ а mіx of functіonаl, mаnаgеrіаl, orgаnіѕаtіonаl аnd nеgotіаtіng аbіlіtіеѕ. Pеrhаpѕ ѕomе pеrѕonаlіtіеѕ аrе not ѕuіtеd to thе dеmаndѕ of corporаtе communіcаtіonѕ.

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There are many authors in the word today. All of them write articles of all types. These articles are of different sizes, different formats and of different types. They also cover a wide variety of topics that very from each other greatly in topic that they are written about. These authors are always on the lookout for article submission. This is a great way of advertising these articles. Because there are so many new authors coming up every year, it is very difficult for them to get recognition. The only way these authors can get recognition is by enlisting the help of article submission service. The proper advertising of articles is very important for new authors. Only when their articles are properly advertised, will people notice them, read them ad only then the author gets recognized. This is why these authors need to submit articles to such services.

These services are a great boon for such new and anonymous authors. When a new author submits his articles to such article submission service then he can be assured that his article will get the right sort of advertising and publicity that he or she deserves. Many of these new authors are very highly talented and possess great writing skills. But sadly, it is not enough for an author to get noticed only on the basis of his or her good writing. Advertising and publicity are equally important to help the author to get noticed and thus become famous. This is why when authors submit articles to these services, their articles are advertised properly. A myth among authors is that these services are very expensive. Most of them think that these services charge a great deal of money. They should understand that though this article submission service is not expensive, it is not cheap also. However, investing in these services is the best thing that an upcoming author can do. Doing so greatly increases the chances of an author becoming famous.

However, not all such article submission services are good. Most of them do not employ SEO. SEO is the short form of search engine optimization. It is a technique or a group of methods that when employed, help the articles to be available to more number of people. How this is done is like this. When an author does article submission of his articles to a company offering this service of search engine optimization, the company begins to work on the authors articles. Under search engine optimization, the company first changes the HTM code of the web page on which the article is present. Changing the code helps the web page to appear among the first few search results of a search engine. Thus when an author submit articles to such a company and it modifies the HTML code of the web page, then this web page is among the first few in the list of search results and is then naturally read by more number of people.Further more, when the author does article submission to a company offering SEO, then under SEO the content of the article is also modified to match more number of keywords and thus appear before more number of people.

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For the submission of a manuscript specific editorial requirements always supersede instructions in these general guidelines being provided to you.
To make a paper readable:
1. Type or print using a minimum 12 point standard font, such Times New Roman, Geneva, Bookman, Helvetica, Calibri, etc.
2. Text should always be double spaced on 8 1/2″ x 11″ paper along with 1 inch margins, single sided
3. Number all the pages consecutively
4. Start every new section on a new separate page
5. Adhere to the recommended page limit
Mistakes you should always avoid:
1. Placing a heading at the end of the page while writing the following text on the next page that is due to lack of space available on that page.
2. While dividing a table or figure confine each table/figure to a single page
3. Submitting a term paper with pages being out of order
In all sections of your paper:
1. Always use normal prose including the articles (“a”,”the”,”an”, etc.)
2. Always stay focused on the research topic of the paper.
3. Use paragraphs to separate each and every important point (except for the abstract)
4. Indent the first line of each and every paragraph
5. Present all the points in a logical order
6. Use present tense to report the well accepted facts.
7. Use past tense to always describe specific results.
8. Avoid any informal wordings, don’t address the reader directly, don’t use jargon, slang terms, or superlatives
9. Avoid any use of superfluous pictures – include only the figures that are necessary to present results
Abstract
The summary should not be more than two hundred words. See the given examples in the writing portfolio package.
General intent
An abstract is a concise, relevant single paragraph summary of a completed work or work in progress. In a few seconds the reader learns the rationale behind the study, the general approach to the problem, pertinent results, and the important conclusions or the new questions.
Writing an abstract
After the rest of the paper is completed, write your summary. Economy of words is always important while writing any paper, but especially in an abstract. Make sure to use complete sentences in your writing and do not sacrifice readability for brevity. By wording sentences you can keep it concise so that they serve more than one purpose.
Summarize the study, and include the following elements in any abstract. Try to keep the first two items within a sentence each.
1. Purpose of the study – give hypothesis, overall questions and the objective.
2. Model organism or system and give brief description of the experiment.
3. Give results, including specific data – if for instance the results are quantitative then report that the data is quantitative; results that have any statistics in them should be reported
4. Make any important conclusions or questions that follow from the experiments
Style:
1. Single paragraph while keeping it concise
2. The summary of the work that has been done is always written in past tense
3. An abstract should not refer any other part of the paper such as a figure or table, but instead, stand on its own.
4. Try to focus on summarizing results – limit all the background information to a sentence or two, if necessary
5. The information that you report in an abstract must be consistent with what you have reported in the paper
6. Correct spelling, proper reporting of quantities (proper units, significant figures) and clarity of sentences and phrases are just as important in an abstract as they are anywhere else.

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The challenge in SharePoint development has always been the balance between creating and deploying solutions that can be trusted for not damaging or impairing a SharePoint farm. However, now onwards SharePoint administrators can be tension-free about the safety of their Farm—thanks to SharePoint 2010’s Sandbox Solutions! Simply put, a Sandbox Solution is a compiled application which runs in a controlled environment, known as the Sandbox. As it runs in a controlled environment, elements such as resource throttling, access permissions, etc. can be managed by the administrator protecting the Server Farm from the negative effects of coding mistakes.

How to Deploy a Sandbox Solution?
The structure of a sandbox solution is very similar to a farm solution, which generally runs with full-trust permissions. The main differences lie in how a sandbox solution is deployed and in the process that hosts the solution (which determines whether a solution is a sandboxed solution or a farm solution). This means that the same sandboxed solution can run with full trust when it’s deployed at the farm level and with partial trust when it’s deployed at the site collection level.

A SharePoint solution is a deployable package that can contain features and assemblies. The solution package is a .cab-based file with a .wsp extension. Visual Studio 2010 SharePoint project templates create .wsp package files. A solution might contain a number of SharePoint features, and these features provide functionality such as Web Parts, list definitions, modules, and event receivers.

Site collection administrators now have the authority to upload, activate, delete, and manage sandboxed solutions using the new Solution Gallery, which is a repository of sandboxed solutions. The gallery also enables a site collection administrator to monitor a solution’s usage against a resource quota. The Solution Gallery is simply a standard SharePoint list that stores the .wsp file. It is located under the _catalogs folder at _catalogs/solutions. The gallery is added to your site collection when you upgrade from a SharePoint 2007 site collection. You open the Solution Gallery by first clicking Site Settings on the Site Actions menu. Then, on the Site Settings page, click Solutions under the Galleries section.

Deploying a sandboxed solution to the site collection is as simple as uploading the .wsp file to the gallery and activating it. Clicking the Upload Solution button gives you the option to upload a single .wsp file or multiple files. When the upload document form opens, browse for the location of the .wsp file or files you want to deploy. Next, you are prompted to activate the solution. When you activate a solution, site-collection-scoped features are automatically activated as well, but you must go to each site to activate site-scoped features from the Manage Site Features page. The Solution Gallery lists a solution’s name and modified date as well as its activated status and the resources consumed by the solution. You can delete a solution from the gallery only after you have deactivated it. If you want to copy a solution from one site collection to another, save the .wsp file to disk and upload it to another Solution Gallery.

You can also use new solution and feature upgrade infrastructure features in SharePoint 2010 to upgrade sandboxed solutions. To upgrade a solution, you need to create a .wsp file that has a new file name but the same solution ID. The easiest way to do this is to open your project in Visual Studio and make the changes, after which you can change the package name by using the package designer. Double-click the Package node in your solution to open the package designer, and then change the name of the package. You can now upload the sandboxed solution package as you would a new package. SharePoint detects that a package with the same solution ID is installed and prompts you to upgrade. After you upgrade, you’ll see that the new version is activated and the old version deactivated.

All in all, the sandboxed applications are very capable and can do most of the tasks that a business user needs. It provides the ability to break out in a safe way when you need to. The real benefit is the speed at which you can deploy your solutions into the enterprise. You no longer need to follow a grueling process of testing and validation for every solution you create, although good software practices should always be followed. Site collection administrators will be able to control their own collections and run the right solutions for their site. Farm administrators will be free from the tasks of controlling and managing all the requests for solution installs and be able to focus on the overall health of the farm with a set of rich monitoring tools.

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